OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Which political system allows only
one ideology for the state? A. Socialism B. Aristocracy C. Communalism D. Capitalism

2. In a representative government, citizens exercise their political power A. directly. B, indirectly. C. in reverence or the political system. D. under undue political pressure.

3. The essence of the concept of devolution is to cater for the interest of the A. ruling government. B. majority. C. minority. D. rule of law.

4. A country’s constitution may be derived from which one of the following sources? A. Educated elites B. Civil society organizations C. Civil disobedience D. Customs and conventions

5. One major problem associated with the cabinet system of government is
the A. abuse of power. B. frequent
change of government. C. large num-
ber of ministers. D. supremacy of the
executive.

6. Representative governments around the world pay attention to public opinion because of the following factors except A. protection of the government from media scrutiny. B indication of government in good standing with the people. C. provision of feedback on implementation of government policies. D. national security concerns.

7. The determination and execution of
government policies is the core function of the A. Public Complain
Commission B. Public Service Com-
mission. C. Civil Service. D. Judicial
Service.

8. Public corporation has a legal personality which means that A. no legal suit can be brought against it. B. it can sue and be sued. C. it has ultimate power to make its own laws. D. there is a legal department that represents it.

9. Local Government authorities may
not receive cooperation from the local
people due to the issue of A. top bottom approach to development. B. accessibility to internet facilities. C. lack of support for the ruling government. D. non availability of spiritual centres.

10. Delegated legislation can be controlled by A. report writing. B. press conferences. C. parliamentary question time. D. threat of secession.

11. A one party system imposed by law with all other parties proscribed is A. a socialist party system. B. a de jure one party system. C. a communist political system. D. an elitist party system.

12. Multi-party system is saddled with the problem of A. divisiveness. B limited choice. C. weak opposition. D. political consciousness.

13. One of the importance of voting in a democracy is that, it A. is less expensive. B. ensures development for all voters. C. commits citizens to the political system. D. ensures winner takes all policy.

14. An electoral system in which the electorate elects a small group of people who in turn elects political office holders is known as A. general election. B. second ballot system. C. electoral college. D. local election.

15. Most pressure groups especially in
West Africa fail to achieve their goals
as a result of A. good governance. B.
charisma of the president. C. transparency of the legislature. D. corrupt leadership.

16. A pressure group which resorts to violence as a means of pressing home its demands is described as A. anomic. B. associational. C. labour agitation. D.attitudinal.

17. Press control is necessary particularly in the area of A. the economy. B. auditor general’s report. C. state security and secrets. D. foreign trade.

18. The media helps to enrich discourse on national issues through its A. marketing B. editorial comments. C sales and advertisement. D. correspondents.

19. Information dissemination and communication n a political environment had been made faster and easier with the advent of A. educated practitioners. B. press censorship. government spokesmen. D. social media.

20. The passing of laws by an arm of government to regulate society is the function of the A. judiciary. 3. executive. C. legislature. D police.

21. Militant nationalism in British West Africa after World War II sought to A. kill British nationals. B. overthrow colonialism. C. stop the export of raw materials. D. stop the denigration of the African culture.

22. Proto-nationalism was a movement limited to the demands for A. immediate end to colonialism. B. reforms of the political class and respect for African religion. C. western education. D. social amenities and political participation.

23. The youth movements across British West African territories served as a spring board for the formation of A. militant groups to fight and kill British officials. B. political parties to champion the course of self-rule. C. committees to represent the people. D. associations in pursuit of justice for the people

24. A country’s foreign policy is foremost driven by A. economy. B. location. C. natural resources. D. national interest.

25. The first inter-territorial political
movement organized in the 1920s
which sought to bring all the British West African territories fight the colonial establishment was the A. Aborigines Right Protection Society. B. West African Youth League
C. National Congress of British West
Africa. D. West African Students
Union.

26. The African Union is unable to play its role on the global political scene very well due to the A. inadequate system of education bequeathed by the colonialist. B. low level of wages in the member countries. C. outbreak of pandemic on the African continent. D. divided loyalty among member states.

27. Which of the following options does the Commonwealth of Nations commit resources to? A. Use of a commo Currency B. Superiority of the British Crown C. British leadership on all matters of diplomacy D. Promotion of representative democracy

28. Which summit drew the road map
for the implementation ot the African
Union? A. Sirte Summit B. Lusaka
Summit C. Lome Summit D. Lagos
Summit

29. Once of the benefits which the West African states derive from the United Nations is A. equal opportunities of appointments to its highest office. B. permanent membership of the Security Council. C. greater access to all the organs of the United Nations. D. total eradication of poverty from the Afican continent.

30. The Atlantic Charter gave birth to
the A. Commonwealth of Nations. 5. Allied powers. C. United Nations. D.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

31. Which of the following factors do
not influence a country’s foreign policy? A. Human resource B. Geographical location C. System of education and number of universities D. International laws and conventions

32. In which political system does the
government control every aspect of a
citizen’s life? A. Communism B. Dictatorship C. Totalitarianism D. Aristocracy.

33. The administrative head of the ministry is the A official of the ruling
government. B. general manager. C.
permanent secretary. D. chief coordi-
nating officer.

34. The sovereignty of a state can be limited to a great extent by A. Rule of Law. B. Separation of Powers. C. International laws and conventions. D. Leg islative Assembly.

35. A coalition government is a common feature of a A. two party system. B multi-party system. C. one party system D. non-party system.

36. The appointment of judges is based on the recommendation of the A. Civil Service Commission. B. Public Commission. C. Eminent persons in society. D. Judicial Service.
unction ot political parties? A. Policy vice

37. Which of the following options is not a implementation B. political socialization C. Political education D. Aggretion C. gation of interest.

38. In an election, Secret ballot is de-
scribed as the process where the voter
A. is screcned ofl to conceal the votc. B. cast the vote in a sealcd box. C. is
assisted to cast the vote. D. is scarched betore casting the vote.

39. In which system of government does the legislature pass a vote of no confidence the government? A. Federal B.Cabinet C. De jure D. Monarchical

40. The concept of social justice implies that the state must ensure A. Sharing of political power with opponents. B security for multi-national businesses. C.cquality of citizens. D. fairness to foreign nationals.

41. The basic human rights of citizens in state are A. freedom of movement,
free education and free health. B freel
social services, speech and religion. C. right to life, liberty and property. D.
right to higher education, property and freedom of thought.

42. Aquasi-federal structure is so arranged in order for the A. centre to coordinate national level programmes. B. component units to breakaway at will. C. citizens to have dual allegiance and dual Citizenship. D. president to amend the Constitution at will

43. When a superior court declares an
action of the executive ultra-vires, it
neans that A. the executive should leave power. B. a vote of no confidence had been passed on the government. C. the judiciary is more action powerful than the executive. D. the action is ilegal and of no effect.

44. Which of the following options does not constitute the main objectives of the United Nations? A. The maintenance of international peace and security B. The promotion of the well-being of the peoples of the world C. Intermational cooperation D. The use of force to comply with its provisions.

45. The Economic Community of West
African States was established with
the following aims except to A. use
force to depose unconstitutional regimes. B. improve the living standards of its people. C. contribute to the progress and development of the African continent. D. foster relations among member states.

46. The process of international integration arising from the inter-change of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture is known as A. national interest. B. globalization. C. geopolitics. D. interest aggregation

47 One negative effect of colonialism
on the people of West Africa over the
years is the A. introduction of modern dea of governance. B. creation of large political units. C. change of the

socio-political systems of living D. development of political institutions.

48. The Council of Elders in the pre-colonial political institutions of West Africa best served on the Council as … A. warriors of the state. B. go-between the gods and the people. C. Custodians of the wealth of the state. D. representatives of the commoners.

49. Public corporations are struggling in the West African States as a result of A. heavy social and political cost. B.
private-public partnership. C. public scrutiny and accountability. D. direct
foreign investments.

50. The following options are today the biggest threat to the democracy of West African States except A. election disputes and related violence. B. military Intervention in politics. C. youth unemployment. D. non involvement of traditional rulers in politics.

PAPER2: ESSAY
SECTIONA
ELEMENTS OF GOVERNMENT

1. Identify five reasons for which citizens lose trust in goverment.

2. In what five ways can the electoral
management body ensure fair play in
an electoral contest in Nigeria?

3. Highlight five negative impacts on a
state should the judiciary fail to live
up to its constitutional mandate.

4. Identify five differences between the state as an entity and government as an institution.

5. Explain five reasons for the decline in public trust of the media in your country.

SECTION B
POLITICAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS IN WEST AFRICA AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Answer two questions only from this section.

6. Identify five ways in which traditional rulers controlled their subjects in pre-colonial Nigeria.

7. Outline five significant provisions of the 1989 Third Republican Constitution which deepened the democratic development of Nigeria.

8. Highlight five benefits which the
adoption of federalism has brought to
the political development of Nigeria.

(a) What is meant by E-Government
b) Explain five benefits which Nigeria
stands to gain in adopting E-Governance.

9. Highlight five compelling reasons for which Nigeria interacts with intermational organizations.

SOLUTION TO OBJECTIVE AND ESSAY QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED EXPLANATION

A: socialism
Socialism as a political and eco
nomic ideology advocates state own-
ership of the means of production,
distribution and cxchange. In a socialist state, only one political party is allowed to exist, that is, a socialist state is always a one-party state. Examples are China, North Korea, Cuba etc.

2. B: indirectly
A representative govcrnment is a
fom of government where the people
are governed through elected representatives. In other Words, peoplc exercise their political povwer and participate in the government indirectly through their representatives n government. All modern democracies are examples
of a representative government.

3. C: minority
Devolution involves the transfer of
governmental powers, functions and
responsibilities to lower levels of government. The essence of devolution is to ensure that every shade of interests is catered for, especially minority groups.

4. D: customs and conventions
A constitution refers to the rules,
regulations, principles and laws
through which a state is governed.
Sources of a country’s constitution
include: Constitutional conferences,
judicial precedent, legislative enact-
ments, customs and convention etc.

5. B: frequent change of government
In a cabinet or parliamentary system of governiment, there is high tendency of frequent change of government especially when the government is formed by a coalition of different political parties.

6. A: protection of the government from media scrutiny
Public opinion refers to the aggregate views of the mnajority of the citizens on a specific policy or programme of the government. Public opinion provides direction for government policies, provides feedback on the implementation of programs, etc. It is not meant to shield the government form the scrutiny of the media.

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