COMMERCE SS1 FIRST TERM
THIS SCHEME OF WORK CONTAINS WEEK ,TOPIC/CONTENT, ACTIVITIES, RESOURCES FOR EASY LESSON PLANNING
1 INTRODUCTION TO COMMERCE
Teacher should discuss

Meaning
  • Scope functions
  • Characteristics
  • E- commerce, meaning, and
    functions
    commerce in detail, identify the
    differences between commerce
    and e-commerce.
    Students to participate actively in
    class discussion from the board.
    Resources; diagrams/charts.
    2 HISTORY OF COMMERCE
  • Historical background of
    commerce in Nigeria.
  • Factors affecting the growth of
    commerce.
  • The barter system.
    The teacher guides the students’
    discussion on evolution of
    commerce in Nigeria and leads
    the discussion on barter system.
    Resources; cowries and museum
    materials.
    3 OCCUPATION
  • Meaning
  • Classifications; industrial,
    commercial and services
    occupation.
  • Factors that determine types of
    occupation and employment.
    Teacher discusses occupation
    and types in detail and lists
    factors affecting employment.
    Students participate actively in
    the class discussion.
    Resources; a diagram illustrating
    types of occupation.
    4 PRODUCTION
  • Meaning and types of industry
    (primary & secondary).
  • Commerce (aids trade).
  • Services/tertiary (direct & indirect)
    Teacher discusses production in
    details.
    Students copy notes.
    Resources; illustrate with a
    diagram.
    5 PRODUCTION
  • Factors determining the volume of
    production.
  • Factors of production ; land, labor,
    capital, entrepreneur.
  • Division of labour; meaning,
    advantages and disadvantages.
  • Limitations to division of labour.
  • Specialization and exchange.
  • Interrelationship between
    Teacher picks a production of
    simple products like envelop in
    the class and divides labour
    amongst the students.
    Students participate actively in
    their groups.
    Resources; charts, eco-journals.
     production, division of labour,

     exchange and specialization.
6 TRADE

     Meaning and types of trade.
  • Home trade
  • Foreign trade
  • Entrepot trade
  • Relationship among the different
    types of trade.
    The teacher uses the diagram to
    illustrate the different types of
    trade.
    Students copy the illustration.
    Resources; diagram and chart.
    7 HOME TRADE
  • Characteristics and functions of
    retail trade, highlight the features,
    advantages and disadvantages of
    retail trade.
  • Factors to be considered before
    setting up retail shop.
  • Small scale retailing; hawking,
    mobile shops, kiosk etc
  • Meaning, characteristics,
    advantages, and disadvantages
    of each.
    The teacher could arrange visit to
    two or more retail shops and
    interview the owners.
    Students participate actively.
    Resources; charts, journals,
    pictures.
    8 SMALL SCALE RETAILING
  • Store/market trader- meaning,
    characteristics, features,
    advantages and disadvantages.
  • Unit/tied shop- meaning,
    characteristics, features,
    advantages and disadvantages.
  • Reasons for survival or small
    scale retailers.
  • Problems of small scale retail
    business.
    The teacher arrange visit to
    market shops and interviews the
    owners.
    Students argue for and against
    the elimination and survival of
    retailers and wholesalers in
    trade.
    Resources; charts, pictures,
    journals.
    9 LARGE SCALE RETAIL TRADE;
    TYPES
  • Super market; meaning, features,
    advantages and disadvantages.
  • Departmental store; meaning,
    features, advantages, and
    disadvantages.
  • Multiple/chain store; meaning,
    features, advantages and
    disadvantages.
    Teacher explains the
    organizational set-up of each of
    the retail trade.
    Students participate fully in the
    discussion.
    Resources; examples of
    supermarkets and departmental
      store in Nigeria.

10 LARGE SCALE RETAIL

  • Mail order business r firms;
    meaning, features, advantages
    and disadvantages.
  • Hyper market- meaning, features,
    adv. & disadvantages.
  • Variety store/one top shop-
    meaning, features, advantages
    and disadvantages.
  • Retail/whole sale co-operative
    society; meaning, features,
     advantages and disadvantages.

Teacher examines the
organizational set up of each
type of retail trade, and also
examines the role of wholesaler
in the chain of distribution.
11 MODERN TREND IN RETAILING

  • Branding –meaning, advantages
    and disadvantages.
  • Self services; meaning,
    advantages and disadvantages.
  • After sale services- meaning,
    advantages and disadvantages.
  • Describe necessary documents
    used in home trade.
    12 MODERN TREND CONTD.
  • Vending machine; meaning,
    advantages, and disadvantages.
  • Reasons why retail trade may fail.
    13 Revision Revision
    14 examination examination
    COMMERCESS1 SECOND TERM
    WEEK TOPIC/CONTENT ACTIVITIES
    1 WHOLESALE TRADE
  • Meaning and functions to the;
    a. Manufacture
    b. Retailer.
    Teacher discusses functions of
    wholesale in detail.
    Students copy notes from the
      Differences between wholesaler

      and retailer.

  • Channels of distribution
  • Factors to be considered before
    choosing a particular channel of
    distribution.
    board.
    Teacher illustrates with diagram
    the channels of distribution.
    Resources; diagram, charts.
    2 MIDDLE MEN
  • Meaning, elimination and survival
    of the middlemen.
  • Criticism/reasons that may
    warrant the elimination of
    middlemen.
  • Types of wholesalers.
  • Merchant wholesaler; functions
    and types.
  • Agent middlemen; types, brokers,
    manufacturers, agent and
    aunctioneers.
  • Commission agent, delcredere
    agent.
    Teacher discusses the activities
    of middlemen in business.
    Students participate in argument
    for and against the elimination of
    middlemen in the chain of
    distribution.
    3 WARE HOUSING
  • Warehousing;- meaning and
    importance.
  • Types of warehousing, bonded
    warehousing.
  • State/queen’s warehousing
  • Public warehousing
  • Manufacturer’s warehousing.
    Teacher lists and explains in
    detail types of warehousing.
    Students participate actively in
    discussing of types of
    warehousing.
    4 FOREIGN TRADE
  • Meaning and types (bilateral and
    multilateral)
  • Advantages and disadvantages of
    foreign trade.
  • State barriers to foreign trade.
  • Differentiate between export,
    import and entrepot.
  • Procedures for foreign trade.
    Teacher guides students in class
    discussion, gives division of
    foreign trade and lists the
    barriers.
    Students writes notes on the
    topic.
    Resources; diagram and
    documents of foreign trade and
    brochures from custom and
    exercise etc
    5 BALANCE OF TRADE AND BALANCE Teacher differentiates between
    balance of trade and balance of
     Payment
  • Distinguish between balance of
    trade and balance of payment.
  • Reasons for imposing
    tariffs/restrictions in foreign trade.
    payment.
    Students participate actively in
    the discussion.
    Resources; documents used in
    foreign trade (samples)
    6 DOCUMENTS USED IN FOREIGNTRADE
  • Mail transfer, documentary credit,
    letter of hypothecation.
  • Foreign bill of exchange, travelers
    cheque, telegraphic transfer, etc
  • Custom and exercise functions.
  • Nigerian export promotion
    council;- functions.
    7 NIGERIAN AIRPORT AUTHORITY
  • Nigerian airport authority and
    Nigerian ports authority;-
    functions.
  • Nigerian export authority;-
    functions.
  • Commodity exchange;- meaning,
    types of tradeable commodities,
    agricultural produce, solid
    minerals, oil and gas. (list
    commodities and classify)
  • Requirements for trading, grading
    system, warehousing, clearing
    system, standardizing.
    Teacher discusses function of
    Nigerian ports authority, and
    Nigerian airport authority, guides
    students to some commodities
    produced in Nigeria.
    Students differentiates types of
    commodities, i.e agricultural
    produce, solid minerals, oil and
    gas.
    Resources; organize excursion to
    airport, etc, use pictures, charts,
    and sample of commodities.
    8 COMMODITY EXCHANGE CONTD
     Types (spot, forward features),
    method of trading, open, outcry,
    electronic.
     Benefits of commodity exchange.
  • Increase in agricultural
    production.
  • Stabilization in agricultural
    product pricing.
  • Encourage exploration of solid
    minerals,
    Teacher guides students to
    identify commodities to be
    exchanged.
    Students copy notes on
    commodity exchange.
    Resources; pictures, charts,
    samples of commodities.
.   Foreign exchange earnings,
  • Increased agricultural output and
    quality.
     Constraints to commodity trading;
  • Inadequate supply
  • Poor storage
  • Bad weather
  • Ethical issues
  • Middlemen, inadequate
    knowledge of commodity
    exchange.
    9 COMMODITY EXCHANGE
  • Differentiate between commodity
    and stock
  • Items traded; tangible and
    intangible methods of pricing.
  • Sole proprietorship; meaning,
    features and sources of capital,
    advantages and disadvantages.
  • Partnership; meaning, types,
    formation and agreement.
    Teacher leads discussion on sole
    proprietorship.
    Students suggest the
    advantages, disadvantages and
    the sources of capital.
    Resources; journals and charts.
    10 PARTNERSHIP CONTD
  • Sources of capital;- advantages
    and disadvantages.
  • Dissolution
    Teacher leads discussion on
    partnership, and distinguishes
    between sole proprietorship and
    explains different types of
    partnership.
    Students participate in class
    discussion and copy notes.
    Resources; sample of
    partnership deed.
    11 Revision Revision
    12 Examination examination
    COMMERCESS1 THIRD TERM
    WEEK TOPIC/CONTENT ACTIVITIES
    1 CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
  • Types of occupation
    The teacher invites a business
    executive like a banker or
    insurance broker, to give a talk
      Career opportunity
  • Requirements for the various
    careers, factors to be considered
    before choosing career.
  • Career hazard
    on their profession.
    Students listen to and ask
    questions.
    Resources; pictures of workers at
    work.
    2 CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES;
  • Definition, formation,
    characteristics and history of co-
    operative movement.
  • Types of co-operative societies;
  • Consumer co-operative
  • Producer cooperative
  • Wholesaler cooperative
  • Retailer cooperative
  • Thrift and credit societies
  • Multi-purpose.
    Teacher leads students to
    discuss on co-operative
    societies.
    Students participate actively in
    the class discussion.
    Resources; co-operative
    society’s constitution.
    3 COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES CONT
     Advantages, disadvantages, and
    problems of co-operative societies
    in Nigeria.
     Public enterprises; meaning,
    formation, management and
    sources of capital.
    Teacher leads students to
    discuss on co-operative
    societies.
    Students participate actively in
    the class discussion.
    Resources; co-operative
    society’s constitution.
    4 PUBLIC ENTERPRISES CONTD
     Reasons for government
    ownership of public enterprises.
     Advantages and disadvantages of
    public enterprises.
     Discuss various types of public
    enterprises and their methods of
    formation.
    Teacher identifies and makes a
    list of public enterprises in the
    locality.
    Students identify public
    enterprises in their locality.
    Resources; memorandum and
    article of association.
    5 LIMITED LIABILITIES COMPANIES
     Meaning,
     Types; private and public
     Formation (legal requirement for
    the formation of a limited liability company)
    Teacher gives examples of
    private and public limited liability
    companies in their locality.
    Resources; memorandom and memorandum of

     association, article of association,
     prospectus, certificate of
     incorporation and trading.
    article of association, share
    certificates.
6 LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIESCONTD
 Sources of capital;
a. Shares, debentures, retained
profit, loans, and overdraft, etc
 Other sources of capital; trade
credits, equipment/leasing.
 Advantages and disadvantages of
limited companies.
 Liquidation/dissolution of a limited
liability company.
Teacher gives examples of
private and public limited liability
companies in their locality.
Resources; memorandum and
article of association, share
certificates.
7 TRADE ASSOCIATION AND OTHERENTERPRISES
 Definition and examples
 Aims and functions
 Chamber of commerce;- meaning,
aims, functions, and structure.
 Consortium, cartel,
amalgamation/merger/combine
trust holding.
Teacher organizes a visitation to
local chamber of commerce.
Students participate in the
visitation to a local chamber of
commerce.
Resources; pamphlets on trade
association constitution.
8 MONEY
 Meaning, history/ evolution of
money.
 Qualities of money
 Types and forms of money.
 Similarities and differences
between money and other
communities used for exchange in
trade by barter.
Teacher explains in detail the
history and forms of money.
Students participate actively in
the discussion.
Resources; forms of money,
paper, coins etc.
9 TRANSPORTATION
 Meaning, importance and forms.
 Land (road & rail) advantages and
disadvantages.
 Water (advantages and
disadvantages).
10 TRANSPORTATION CONTD.
 Forms of transportation; air
Teacher shows different
documents used in

transportation;- advantages and

disadvantages.
 Pipeline; advantages and
disadvantages.
 Identify documents used in
transportation.
transportation.
Students provide some
documents too.
Resources; delivery notes,
advice note etc
11 COMMUNICATION
 Definition
 Types;- oral, written, visual, non-
verbal etc
 Advantages and disadvantages of
communication.
Teacher leads discussion on
types of communication.
Students mention and explain
types of communication.
Resources; charts, computer,
phones etc.
12 Revision Revision
13 Examination Examination

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